A card not present transaction (CNP, MO/TO, Mail Order / Telephone Order, MOTOEC) is a payment card transaction made where the cardholder does not or cannot physically present the card for a merchant’s visual examination at the time that an order is given and payment effected, such as for mail-order transactions by mail or fax, or over the telephone or Internet.
The Card Associations created this term to help identify these Transactions, because CNP situations tend to be where the majority of fraudulent activity occurs; it is difficult for a merchant to verify that the actual cardholder is indeed authorizing a purchase.
The card security code system has been set up to reduce the incidence of credit card fraud arising from CNP.
Types of Security codes:
CVC1 or CVV1, encoded on track 2 of the magnetic stripe of the card and used for card present transactions. The purpose of the code is to verify that a payment card is actually in the hand of the merchant. This code is automatically retrieved when the magnetic stripe of a card is swiped on a point-of-sale (card present) device and is verified by the issuer. A limitation is that if the entire card has been duplicated and the magnetic stripe copied, then the code is still valid.
The most cited, is CVV2 or CVC2. This code is often sought by merchants for Card Not Present Transactions occurring by mail, fax, telephone or Internet. In some countries in Western Europe, card issuers require a merchant to obtain the code when the cardholder is not present in person.
Contactless cards and chip cards may supply their own electronically-generated codes, such as iCVV or Dynamic CVV.
Code Location
The card security code is typically the last three or four digits printed, not embossed like the card number, on the signature strip on the back of the card.
American Express Cards have a four-digit code printed on the front side of the card above the number.
Diners Club, Discover, JCB, MasterCard, and Visa Credit and Debit Cards have a three-digit card security code. The code is the final group of numbers printed on the back signature panel of the card.
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